He was the composer of the original Ramayana into Sanskrit. He lived in Varanasi till death. The name of Tulsi ghat is after him. He was a great poet in Hindi, Indian, world literature and founded the temple Sankat mochan.
Goswami Tulsidas was a great Hindu poet-saint, reformer as well as philosopher and composed various popular books. He is renowned for his dedication to Lord Rama and being the author of the great epic, the Ramcharitmanas. He was always admired as a reincarnation of the Valmiki (original composer of the Ramayana in Sanskrit and Hanuman Chalisa). Goswami Tulsidas lived his whole life as well as died in the city of Benares society in India.
History
Tulsidas was born at the 7th day in the month of Shraavana (July or August), in the bright half of the lunar. His birthplace is identified at the Rajapur (also known as the Chitrakuta) at the banks of the Yamuna river in UP. The name of his parents is Hulsi and Atmaram Dubey. According to the biographers, various opinions are there regarding the birth year of Tulsidas. Many of them say according to the Vikrami Samvat that he took birth in 1554 and others say it was 1532. He lived his life for around 126 years.
According to the legend, Tulsidas took the 12 months to come out to the world, till then he stayed in the womb of his mother. He had all the 32 teeth from his birth and looks like a five-year-old boy. After his birth, he told Rama word instead of crying. That’s why he named as Rambola, he had stated in Vinayapatrika.
At the fourth night after his birth, his father had passed away because of the danger to life. Tulsidas had stated in his works Kavitavali and Vinayapatrika about his parent's abandonment after his birth.
Chuniya (the female maid of his mother Hulsi) took Tulsidas to her town, Haripur and took care of him. She died after caring him for just five and a half years. After that event, Rambola lived as a poor orphan and walked door to door begging for alms. It is assumed that the Goddess Parvati took up the form of a Brahmin for taking care of the Rambola.
He had given some of the facts and events of his life in his various works. Two ancient sources of his life are the Bhaktamal and Bhaktirasbodhini composed by the Nabhadas and Priyadas respectively.
Nabhadas had written in his writing about Tulsidas and described him as an incarnation of the Valmiki. Priyadas composed his writing 100 years after the death of Tulsidas and described the seven miracles and spiritual experiences of the Tulsidas. Two other biographies of Tulsidas are Mula Gosain Charit and Gosain Charit composed by Veni Madhav Das in 1630 and Dasanidas (or Bhavanidas) around 1770 respectively.
Studies
Rambola (Tulsidas) was given the Virakta Diksha (known as Vairagi initiation) and got the new name, Tulsidas. His Upanayana was performed by the Narharidas at Ayodhya when he was just 7 years old. He started his first learning at the Ayodhya.
He mentioned in his epic the Ramcharitmanas that his guru narrated him the Ramayana over and over again. He came to the sacred city Varanasi when he was just 15–16 years old and got the knowledge of Sanskrit grammar, Hindu literature and philosophy, four Vedas, six Vedangas, Jyotisha from his guru Shesha Sanatana at the Panchaganga Ghat in Varanasi.
After the study, he came back to his birthplace, Chitrakuta by the permission of his Guru. He started to live in his family home and narrating the story of Ramayana.
Marriage history
He got married to the Ratnavali (the daughter of Dinbandhu Pathak of Mahewa village and Kaushambi district) at the 13th day of the Jyeshta month (May or June) in the year 1583. After some years of the marriage, he got a son named Tarak who died in his toddler state. Once upon a time, his wife went to her father’s home when Tulsidas had gone to the Hanuman temple.
When he returned home and did not saw his wife, he swam along River Yamuna to meet his wife. Ratnavali was very upset with his activity and blamed him. She remarked that devote yourself to God fully. He then left her wife and went to the holy city of Prayag (where he renounced the stages of Grihastha life and became a Sadhu). According to some authors, he was unmarried and Sadhu from birth.
About his literary life
Tulsidas had composed the Statue at Tulsi Manas Mandir, Chitrakuta, Satna, India. He then started to compose poetry in the Sanskrit at the listener in the Varanasi. It is considered that Lord Shiva himself had ordered him to compose his poetry in the vernacular language instead of the Sanskrit. When Tulsidas opened his eyes, he saw that both Shiva and Parvati had blessed him. He ordered to go to Ayodhya and write his poetry in the Awadhi.
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